Economic cost of climate change in India

Author: Varada.S.Sahasrabudhe

Indians experienced one of the hottest summers in 2022. The temperatures reported in March 2022 were recorded high making it the hottest in 122 years since the tracking began. This transition to hottest summers can be attributed to the accumulation of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The searing heat makes it impossible to work during the peak hours and it becomes a burden to work outside during the afternoon period when the temperature is at its maximum.

India ranks third and has the largest energy consumption and also is the third-largest oil importer working aggressively to ensure affordable energy and guarantees access to energy for everyone and high efficiency in the operations. Although the government implemented significant reforms in the energy sector, much remains to be done to achieve these goals.The carbon emissions in India are attributable to several reasons one amongst them is the primary source of livelihood for a majority of Indians and that is farming. Almost half of India’s 1.4 billion population is dependent on farming and hence it also is a major contributor to greenhouse gases and pollution. India is a major producer of staple foods like rice, wheat, vegetables, and the like and with the world population increasing the pressure on India is to fulfil the dietary needs of the world population.

The primary reasons for the emissions are deforestation, land use and rice cultivation which accounts for 11% of total global agricultural methane emissions. Livestock and cultivation lead to methane emissions which is accounts for 74% of carbon emissions in India. At the CoP26 Summit India announced a five-fold action plan to tackle climate change.

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